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The Great Toronto Fire of 1904 destroyed a large section of downtown Toronto but the city was quickly rebuilt the fire caused more than $10 million in damage and resulted in more stringent fire safety laws and expansion of the city's fire department The city received new European immigrant groups beginning in the late 19th century into the early 20th century particularly Germans French Italians and Jews from various parts of Eastern Europe They were soon followed by Russians Poles and other Eastern European nations in addition to Chinese entering from the West As the Irish before them many of these migrants lived in overcrowded shanty-type slums such as "the Ward" which was centred on Bay Street now the heart of the country's Financial District By 1934 the Toronto Stock Exchange emerged as the country's largest stock exchange As new migrants began to prosper they moved to better housing in other areas in what is now understood to be succession waves of settlement Despite its fast-paced growth by the 1920s Toronto's population and economic importance in Canada remained second to the much longer established Montreal Quebec However by 1934 the Toronto Stock Exchange had become the largest in the country In 1954 the City of Toronto and 12 surrounding municipalities were federated into a regional government known as Metropolitan Toronto the postwar boom had resulted in rapid suburban development and it was believed a coordinated land-use strategy and shared services would provide greater efficiency for the region the metropolitan government began to manage services that crossed municipal boundaries including highways police services water and public transit In that year a half-century after the Great Fire of 1904 disaster struck the city again when Hurricane Hazel brought intense winds and flash flooding in the Toronto area 81 people were killed nearly 1,900 families were left homeless and the hurricane caused more than CA$25 million in damage In 1967 the seven smallest municipalities of Metropolitan Toronto were merged with larger neighbours resulting in a six-municipality configuration that included the former city of Toronto and the surrounding municipalities of East York Etobicoke North York Scarborough and York Construction of First Canadian Place the operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal in 1975 During the 1970s several Canadian financial institutions moved to Toronto In the decades after World War II refugees from war-torn Europe and Chinese job-seekers arrived as well as construction labourers particularly from Italy and Portugal Toronto's population grew to more than one million in 1951 when large-scale suburbanization began and doubled to two million by 1971 Following the elimination of racially based immigration policies by the late 1960s Toronto became a destination for immigrants from all parts of the world By the 1980s Toronto had surpassed Montreal as Canada's most populous city and chief economic hub During this time in part owing to the political uncertainty raised by the resurgence of the Quebec sovereignty movement many national and multinational corporations moved their head offices from Montreal to Toronto and Western Canadian cities In 1998 the Conservative provincial government led by Mike Harris dissolved the metropolitan government despite vigorous opposition from the component municipalities and overwhelming rejection in a municipal plebiscite All six municipalities were amalgamated into a single municipality creating the current City of Toronto the successor of the old City of Toronto North York mayor Mel Lastman became the first "megacity" mayor and the 62nd Mayor of Toronto John Tory is the current mayor 21st century, Season-by-season record Main articles: Egerton Ryerson and Methodist Episcopal Church. 8 Honours The earliest Presbyterian ministers in Upper Canada came from various denominations based in Scotland Ireland and the United States the "Presbytery of the Canadas" was formed in 1818 primarily by Scottish Associate Presbyterian missionaries yet independently of their mother denomination in the hope of including Presbyterian ministers of all stripes in Upper and Lower Canada Although successfully including members from Irish Associate and American Presbyterian and Reformed denominations the growing group of missionaries belonging to the Church of Scotland remained separate Instead in 1831 they formed their own "Synod of the Presbyterian Church of Canada in Connection with the Established Church of Scotland" That same year the "Presbytery of the Canadas" having grown and been re-organized became the "United Synod of Upper Canada" in its continued pursuit for Presbyterian unity (and a share of government funding from the Clergy Reserves for established churches) the United Synod sought a union with the Church of Scotland synod which it finally joined in 1840 However some ministers had left the United Synod prior to this merger (including notably Rev James Harris Rev William Jenkins and Rev Daniel Eastman) in the 1832 new Secessionist missionaries began to arrive belonging to "The United Associate Synod in Scotland" (after 1847 the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland) Committed to the voluntarist principle of rejecting government funding they decided against joining the "United Synod of Upper Canada" and on Christmas Day 1834 formed the "Missionary Presbytery of the Canadas" Although this new presbytery was formed at Rev James Harris's church in Toronto he and his congregation remained independent from it However the voluntarist Rev Jenkins and his congregation in Richmond Hill joined the Missionary Presbytery a few years later Rev Eastman had left the United Synod in 1833 to form the "Niagara Presbytery" of the Presbyterian Church in the USA After this presbytery dissolved following the Rebellion of 1837 he rejoined the United Synod which then joined the Church of Scotland Outside of these four Presbyterian denominations only two others gained a foothold in the province the small "Stamford Presbytery" of the American Secessionist tradition was formed in 1835 in the Niagara region and the Scottish Reformed Presbyterian or "Covenanter" tradition was represented in the province to an even lesser extent Despite the numerous denominations by the late 1830s the Church of Scotland was the main expression of Presbyterianism in Upper Canada Mennonites Tunkers Quakers and Children of Peace. . .