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6.3 Franchise career leaders Precipitation totals in mm, In an attempt to curb suburban sprawl in the 1960s and 1970s many suburban neighbourhoods of Toronto encouraged high density populations by mixing housing lots with apartment buildings far from the downtown core The post war years and the rise of the personal automobile saw the rapid rise of the suburbs as occurred across North America the most important suburban development was that of Don Mills in North York Begun in 1952 it was the first planned community in Canada and it initiated many practices that would become standard in Toronto suburbs the Don Mills project put into practice many of the ideas of the Garden city movement based on the ideas developed by Sir Ebenezer Howard creating a multi-use community focused on distinct neighbourhoods The earliest suburbs in North York Scarborough and Etobicoke mostly consisted of small single family homes often bungalows Over time suburban houses have grown in size and moved away from the simplistic post-war designs embracing the neo-eclectic style Toronto suburbs are different in character than those of other North American cities During the 1960s and 1970s city planners tried to curb sprawl by encouraging high population density in the suburbs with many modernist "Tower in the Park" style apartment complexes scattered across the suburbs with several Toronto boroughs working to build their own central business districts and move beyond being bedroom suburbs to being centres of business and industry as well This has had mixed results; this policy has made Toronto overall denser than most other North American cities which has reduced sprawl and made it easier to provide city services such as mass transit At the same time planners avoided creating mixed-use areas forcing suburban residents to work and shop elsewhere Apartments and condominiums, This section may lend undue weight to certain ideas incidents or controversies Please help improve it by rewriting it in a balanced fashion that contextualizes different points of view (September 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message). Efforts to reduce youth gang crime have included police raids, government & social programs and camera surveillance of public housing projects Late 1980s and early 1990s. !

OCAD conducts research under the umbrella of the Digital Media Research + Innovation Institute (DMRII) which focuses on creative applied research in digital expression digital immersion digital experience and digital media industries it consist of 19 research labs including:, Ottawa Champions Baseball Can-Am Ottawa Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton Park. . The Owns Art Gallery at Mount Allison University is the oldest university-operated art gallery in Canada Mount Allison University in Sackville began offering classes in 1854 the program came into its own under John A Hammond from 1893 to 1916 Alex Colville and Lawren Harris later studied and taught art there and both Christopher Pratt and Mary Pratt were trained at Mount Allison the university also opened an art gallery in 1895 and is named for its patron John Owens of Saint John the art gallery at Mount Allison University is presently the oldest university-operated art gallery in Canada Modern New Brunswick artists include landscape painter Jack Humphrey sculptor Claude Roussel and Miller Brittain the province is also home to the Beaverbrook Art Gallery which was designated as the provincial art gallery in 1994 Literature. Netivot HaTorah Day School Satellite image of Toronto and surrounding area Urban area's of the city are interrupted by the Toronto ravine system The city is mostly flat or gentle hills and the land gently slopes upward away from the lake the flat land is interrupted by the Toronto ravine system which is cut by numerous creeks and rivers of the Toronto waterway system most notably the Humber River in the west end and the Don River east of downtown at opposite ends of Toronto Harbour and the Rouge River at the city's eastern limits Most of the ravines and valley lands in Toronto today are parklands and recreational trails are laid out along the ravines and valleys the original town was laid out in a grid plan on the flat plain north of the harbour and this plan was extended outwards as the city grew the width and depth of several of the ravines and valleys are such that several grid streets such as Finch Avenue Leslie Street Lawrence Avenue and St Clair Avenue terminate on one side of a ravine or valley and continue on the other side Toronto has many bridges spanning the ravines Large bridges such as the Prince Edward Viaduct were built to span wide river valleys Despite its deep ravines Toronto is not remarkably hilly but its elevation does increase steadily away from the lake Elevation differences range from 76.5 metres (251 ft) above sea level at the Lake Ontario shore to 209 m (686 ft) ASL near the York University grounds in the city's north end at the intersection of Keele Street and Steeles Avenue. There are occasional hilly areas; in particular midtown Toronto has a number of sharply sloping hills Lake Ontario remains occasionally visible from the peaks of these ridges as far north as Eglinton Avenue 7 to 8 kilometres (4.3 to 5.0 mi) inland The Scarborough Bluffs is an escarpment along the eastern portion of the Toronto waterfront which formed during the last glacial period The other major geographical feature of Toronto is its escarpments During the last ice age the lower part of Toronto was beneath Glacial Lake Iroquois Today a series of escarpments mark the lake's former boundary known as the "Iroquois Shoreline" the escarpments are most prominent from Victoria Park Avenue to the mouth of Highland Creek where they form the Scarborough Bluffs Other observable sections include the area near St Clair Avenue West between Bathurst Street and the Don River and north of Davenport Road from Caledonia to Spadina Road; the Casa Loma grounds sit above this escarpment The geography of the lakeshore is greatly changed since the first settlement of Toronto Much of the land on the north shore of the harbour is landfill filled in during the late 19th century Until then the lakefront docks (then known as wharves) were set back farther inland than today Much of the adjacent Port Lands on the east side of the harbour was a wetland filled in early in the 20th century the shoreline from the harbour west to the Humber River has been extended into the lake Further west landfill has been used to create extensions of land such as Humber Bay Park The Toronto Islands were a natural peninsula until a storm in 1858 severed their connection to the mainland, creating a channel to the harbour the peninsula was formed by longshore drift taking the sediments deposited along the Scarborough Bluffs shore and transporting them to the Islands area the other source of sediment for the Port Lands wetland and the peninsula was the deposition of the Don River which carved a wide valley through the sedimentary land of Toronto and deposited it in the shallow harbour the harbour and the channel of the Don River have been dredged numerous times for shipping the lower section of the Don River was straightened and channelled in the 19th century the former mouth drained into a wetland; today the Don drains into the harbour through a concrete waterway the Keating Channel Climate. . Corporations The complete First Welland Canal including the Feeder Canal and the extension to Port Colborne the present-day canal is marked in pale grey. Union Station is a major commuter and inter-city transportation hub in downtown Toronto Main article: Transportation in Toronto, The United Nations Development Group (UNDG) was created by the Secretary General in 1997 to improve the effectiveness of UN development at the country level the UNDG brings together the operational agencies working on development the Group is chaired by the Administrator of UNDP UNDP also provides the Secretariat to the Group The UNDG develops policies and procedures that allow member agencies to work together and analyse country issues plan support strategies implement support programmes monitor results and advocate for change These initiatives increase UN impact in helping countries achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) including poverty reduction 32 UN agencies are members of the UNDG the Executive Committee consists of the four "founding members": UNICEF UNFPA WFP and UNDP the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights is an ex-officio member of the Executive Committee Resident coordinator system; .