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. Undergraduate Graduate 2 Organization Main article: Bank of the People Guelph 5.3 Immigration Act charges 3.3 Upper Canada Markham Green tick Green tick 84 82. . ; Geography 7 Transportation and communications 10.1 Health and medicine Native trees in Toronto The Canadian Alliance Society was reborn as the Constitutional Reform Society (1836) when it was led by the more moderate reformer Dr William W Baldwin After the disastrous 1836 elections it took the final form as the Toronto Political Union in 1837 it was the Toronto Political Union that called for a Constitutional Convention in July 1837 and began organising local "Vigilance Committees" to elect delegates This became the organizational structure for the Rebellion of 1837 vte! . .

2015 Dr Thomas D Morrison Record, The construction of Union Station in 1858 dramatically increased commerce as well as the number of immigrants Toronto grew rapidly in the late 19th century the population increasing from 30,000 in 1851 to 56,000 in 1871 86,400 in 1881 and 181,000 in 1891 the total urbanized population was not counted as it is today to include the greater area those just outside the city limits made for a significantly higher population the 1891 figure also included population counted after recent annexations of many smaller adjacent towns such as Parkdale Brockton Village West Toronto East Toronto and others Immigration high birth rates and influx from the surrounding rural population accounted for much of this growth although immigration had slowed substantially by the 1880s if compared to the generation prior Rail lines came to the waterfront harbour area in the 1850s a planned "Esplanade" land-fill project to create a promenade along the harbour instead became a new right-of-way for the rail lines which extended to new wharves on the harbour Three railway companies built lines to Toronto: the Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) the Great Western Railway and Northern Railway of Canada the GTR built the first Union Station in 1858 in the downtown area the advent of the railway dramatically increased the numbers of immigrants arriving and commerce as had the Lake Ontario steamers and schooners entering the port the railway lands would dominate the central waterfront for the next 100 years in 1873 GTR built a second Union Station at the same location Horse-drawn streetcars were first installed in the city in 1861 the system continued to expand into the present-day Toronto streetcar system New rail transportation networks were built in Toronto including an extensive streetcar network in the city (still operational) plus long-distance railways and radial lines One radial line ran mostly along Yonge Street for about 80 km to Lake Simcoe and allowed day trips to its beaches At the time Toronto's own beaches were far too polluted to use largely a side effect of dumping garbage directly in the lake Other radial lines connected to suburbs As the city grew it became bounded by the Humber River to the west and the Don River to the east Several smaller rivers and creeks in the downtown area were routed into culverts and sewers and the land filled in above them including both Garrison Creek and Taddle Creek the latter running through the University of Toronto Much of Castle Frank Brook became covered during this time At the time they were being used as open sewers and were becoming a serious health problem the re-configuration of the Don River mouth to make a ship channel and lakeshore reclamation project occurred in the 1880s again largely driven by sanitary concerns and establishing effective port commerce Toronto had two medical schools both independent: Trinity Medical School and the Toronto School of Medicine (TSM) During the 1880s the TSM added instructors expanded its curriculum and focused on clinical instruction Enrollments grew at both schools Critics found proprietary schools lacking especially for their failure to offer sufficient instruction in the basic sciences in 1887 the TSM became the medical faculty of the University of Toronto increasing its emphasis on research within the medical curriculum Trinity realized that its survival depended as well on close ties to basic science and in 1904 it also merged into the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine Crystal Palace hosted the first Toronto Industrial Exhibition in 1879 the event later grew to become the Canadian National Exhibition Toronto modernized and professionalized its public services in the late 19th and early 20th centuries No service was changed more dramatically than the Toronto Police the introduction of emergency telephone call boxes linked to a central dispatcher plus bicycles motorcycles and automobiles shifted the patrolman's duties from passively walking the beat to fast reaction to reported incidents as well as handling automobile traffic. After the Great Fire of 1849 Toronto improved its fire code This was followed by an expansion of the fire services and the eventual formation of Toronto Fire Services in 1874 In 1879 the first Toronto Industrial Exhibition was held a provincial Agricultural Fair was held in Ontario on a rotating basis since the 1850s and after Toronto held the 1878 exhibition at King and Shaw streets it wanted to hold the fair again the request was turned down and the Industrial Exhibition was organized the City arranged a lease of the garrison commons and moved its Crystal Palace building to the site Eventually the garrison commons became taken over by the Exhibition and the annual exhibition continues today as the Canadian National Exhibition the grounds became Exhibition Place and hold sports venues exhibition venues trade and convention space used year-round Immigration. Metropolitan Toronto School Board the predecessor board of the TDSB Early History of Education in Toronto, 3.4 Mascot The Greater Toronto Area is served by seven distinct telephone area codes Before 1993 the GTA used the 416 area code In a 1993 zone split Metropolitan Toronto retained the 416 code while the other municipalities of the Greater Toronto Area were assigned the new area code 905. This division by area code has become part of the local culture to the point where local media refer to something inside Toronto as "the 416" and outside of Toronto as "the 905" for example the Raptors 905 basketball team in the NBA G League is named after the area code the team represents Though for the most part the use of the area 905 as shorthand for the suburban areas outside Toronto city limits was correct it is not entirely true as some portions of Durham and York Regions use the 705 area code. Furthermore there are areas such as Hamilton the Regional Municipality of Niagara and Port Hope (in Northumberland County) that use the 905 area code but are not part of the GTA the unincorporated community of Acton (in Halton Hills) is the only community in the GTA that uses the 519 area code which covers most of Southwestern Ontario To meet the increased demand for phone numbers two overlay area codes were introduced in 2001 Area code 647 (supplementing the 416 area code) was introduced in March 2001 and area code 289 (supplementing the 905 area code) was introduced in July 2001. Some individuals within the 905 area code region may have to dial long distance to reach each other; although residents of Mississauga and Hamilton share the same area code (905) an individual from Toronto for example would have to dial "1" to reach Hamilton but not to reach Mississauga Ten-digit telephone dialling including the area code for local calls is required throughout the GTA in March 2013 two additional area codes were introduced to the GTA: area code 437 in Toronto and area code 365 in the area served by 905 and 289 Government. J J The western end of Lake Ontario the region takes its name from the horseshoe shape formed from the Burlington Heights The horseshoe part of the region's name is derived from the characteristic horseshoe shape of the west end of Lake Ontario with Cootes Paradise between Burlington and Hamilton roughly positioned in the centre the golden part is historically attributed to the region's wealth and prosperity according to the Canadian Oxford Dictionary The phrase Golden Horseshoe was first used by Westinghouse Electric Corporation president Herbert H Rogge in a speech to the Hamilton Chamber of Commerce on January 12 1954:! . . .