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Scottish 1881 1,926,922 +18.9% Toronto's Continental Climate Is Moderated By Lake Ontario; Its Climate Is Among The Mildest In Canada East Of The Rocky Mountains Given Toronto's Southerly Latitude Within The Country Downtown Toronto Sits In A Pocket Of The Humid Continental Climate (K�ppen Climate Classification Dfa) Zone Found At The Southwestern End Of Lake Ontario Covering The Southern Part Of The City � Including Downtown (but Excluding The Toronto Islands) Where The Annual Average Temperature Exceeds 9 �C (48 �F) Some Of Toronto Outside Of The Pre-1998 City Limits And Some Suburban Areas Fall Within The Dfb Climate Regimen This Difference Partly Results From The Urban Heat Island Effect Toronto Is Located In Hardiness Zone 7a With Increasing Hardiness Further Away From The Downtown Core (5b In The Suburbs). There Is A High Degree Of Variability From Year To Year And Sometimes Over A Period Of Days Particularly During The Winter Months Toronto's Inner Harbour Frozen Over Contrasting Deeper Areas Of The Lake Situated Further Away From The Waterfront Waters Near The Shoreline May Occasionally Freeze Over Lake Ontario's Water Temperature Varies Due To Upwelling Of Colder Water Or Warmer Pools Of Surface Water Creating Very Localized Thermal Contrast; The Deeper Waters Of The Lake Far From The Shore Remain At A Near Constant Water Temperature Of 4 �C (39 �F) The Effect Of Which Is Either Cooling Or Warming (in Winter) This Creates Generally Warmer Nights Through The Colder Season Than Would Otherwise Occur When Offshore Winds Blow In Summer They Warm As They Near The Lakeshore In The Evening; Conversely The Cooling Effect By The Lake Is Most Pronounced On Spring Afternoons Which Can Affect Toronto Even More Than Other Cities On The Great Lakes Due Its Exposure To Onshore Winds From The East To South-east On Some Days The Temperatures Can Be As Much As 10 �C (18 �F) Cooler Than Areas Located Far Enough Away From The Lake Ontario An Effect That Wanes By Summer When The Dominant Windflow Becomes More Southwesterly And The Lake Surface Temperature Warms Springs And Autumns Are Shorter Seasons Than Summers And Winters And Feature Varied Weather With Alternating Periods Of Dry Sunny Weather And Rain Many Days In These Seasons Are Sunny With Pleasant Rather Than Warm Or Cold Temperatures Nights Are Generally Cool But Frosts Are Rare Snow Can Fall In Early Spring Or Late Fall But Usually Melt Quickly After Contact With The Ground At These Changeable Times Of The Year Temperature Contrasts (up To 30 �C (54 �F) In Extreme Cases) Can Occur Within A Short Time Frames Due To Rapidly Changing Air Masses That Sweep Across The Continent Often Accompanied By High Winds Due To These Airmass Changes Temperatures Of 30 �C (86 �F) Or Above Have Been Recorded As Early As April 16 And As Late As October 8 Conversely Temperatures Of -10 �C (14 �F) Or Below At Night Have Been Recorded As Early As November 6 And As Late As April 18 Accumulating Snowfall Has Been Reported As Early As October 1 And As Late As May 16 Toronto's Weather Is Affected By The Relative Position Of The Polar Jet Stream And Continental Storm Track Both Of Which Pass Over The Area With Some Frequency The Subtropical Jet Can Move Well North Of The Area In The Midsummer There Is No "dry Season" Precipitation Falls In All Months With Regularity (mainly Snow During The Winter) But Heavier Summer Rains Make Higher Average Amounts As A General Rule With Occasional Dry Periods February And March Rank As The Driest Months On Average Annual Average Precipitation Is 831 Mm (32.72 In) Winter And Snowfall